How to repair cooling wall damage and carbon brick water immersion or breakage

　　During the operation of a blast furnace, a series of complex problems often arise due to improper operation or uneven refractory erosion. One common issue is the burning or wear and tear of local cooling walls, leading to water leakage. This not only directly affects the normal operation of the blast furnace but can also trigger a series of chain reactions, resulting in a significant decrease in production efficiency. Specifically, when the cooling wall is eroded by high-temperature molten materials or subjected to mechanical impacts during operation, its surface protective layer may gradually break down, causing the cooling water to directly contact the high-temperature metal surface, leading to local overheating or even burning. Simultaneously, long-term wear can lead to water leakage in the cooling wall, wasting valuable water resources and potentially causing safety hazards.

　　Furthermore, in the carbon brick area of the blast furnace, when the temperature reaches approximately 800℃, the carbon brick material will undergo brittle fracture. This fracture is often caused by the accumulation and release of internal stress in the carbon brick. Once a fracture occurs, it will severely affect the thermal conductivity and structural stability of the carbon brick. For cooling walls above the tuyere, if problems arise, methods such as reducing the blast and burdening rate and quick repair can be used to quickly replace the cooling wall and restore its protective performance through hot spraying and patching of the lining. However, for the cooling walls in the hearth area, the situation is more complex. Once water leakage occurs in the cooling wall, the internal carbon bricks will be soaked in water, which will not only accelerate the brittle fracture of the carbon bricks but may also impede heat conduction, resulting in uneven temperature distribution inside the hearth and increasing the risk of hearth iron leakage. Once hearth iron leakage occurs, it will cause a major production accident, resulting in immeasurable economic losses for the enterprise.

　　Regarding the repair of hearth carbon bricks, the commonly used method is to shut down the furnace, clean the hearth, replace the cooling walls, and then build carbon bricks internally or cast high-thermal-conductivity materials. However, this method is not only time-consuming, usually requiring a maintenance period of more than 20 days, but also inefficient, greatly affecting the smelting rhythm of the blast furnace. To overcome this difficulty, researchers are actively exploring new repair technologies and materials to improve repair efficiency while ensuring the long-term stable operation of the blast furnace.